Description

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the most abundant type of antibody found in the bloodstream and one of the key components of the humoral immune response. IgG antibodies are produced by plasma cells in response to exposure to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances. They play a crucial role in defending the body against infections by binding to pathogens and marking them for destruction by other immune cells.

Measurement of IgG levels in the serum (the liquid portion of blood) is an important diagnostic tool in assessing immune function. Abnormal IgG levels can indicate various conditions, including immune deficiencies, autoimmune diseases, chronic infections, and certain types of cancer.

Low levels of IgG may indicate immunodeficiency disorders, where the body’s ability to produce antibodies is compromised, making individuals more susceptible to infections. High levels of IgG may be seen in chronic infections, autoimmune diseases, or certain types of leukemia.

Monitoring IgG levels over time can also be useful in assessing response to treatment for conditions affecting the immune system. Additionally, specific IgG antibodies against particular pathogens can be measured to diagnose active or past infections.